New and Digital Media :INDEX

1) Institution: the impact of Google on the newspaper industry
2) Audience and Institution: how news consumption has changed
3) The future of newspapers: Build The Wall analysis
4) The decline of newspapers: the effect of online technology
5) Citizen journalism: Media Magazine article and questions
6) News Values: theory and updating them for digital media landcape
7) Marxism & Pluralism: Media Magazine article and questions
8) Media Conference: notes from speakers
9) Marxism and Pluralism: views and values question
10) NDM Section B essay on blog - consumption and production question
11) Marxism and Pluralism: Alain de Botton on the news - lecture and questions
12) Globalisation: questions and blog task
13) Globalisation: Media Magazine - Google Glass, techno-panics and data mining
14) News on the Tweet report and questions
15) Audience and Institution article and questions
16) Institution case study: NDM and News Corporation

NDM: WEEK 13(ii)

€50,000 for CCTV video of Paris attack

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/nov/25/mail-online-us-almost-doubles-advertising-revenues

The Daily Mail has been accused of paying  £35,000 to obtain video of one of the terrorist attacks in Paris that had been encrypted by French police to prevent it being made public.Representatives of the Mail are then believed to have destroyed the original source material from the CCTV cameras inside the besieged Paris cafe to ensure no other media organisation could obtain it

• Asked by Petit Journal presenter Yann Barthès why he had decided to tell his story, Aoudia replied: “I think we are in a very painful period, a very difficult and sensitive period. People can buy pictures, of course people do buy pictures, we’ve seen that.
• “But we are in an atmosphere of terrorism here and I think people should maybe think twice about broadcasting this kind of material – the more so because at least until it was broadcast, it was confidential to an ongoing investigation.”

In my opinion the daily mail is presented as a powerful and money thirsty media conglomerates. They desensitised by the attacks and therefore, cause controversy when covering these sensitive topics.

NDM case study: News on the Tweet

QUESTION ON NEWSPAPER REPORT:

• Why are respected news brands good news for Twitter?

"59% of users follow newspaper brands". Google Glass was controversial as it impending arrival of the new gadget as sparked some outrage and debate. There is a sense of alienation flowing from the arrival of the product that it might just dehumanise us. i.e desensitise us and also make us less social in terms of connecting with people in real life for instance. Its is also very pricey within its thousand pound ranges and it is rumoured that more competition is on its way from Microsoft and apple, which will bring the price down.

• Why in turn is Twitter good for respected news brands?

This is because trust is created from the consumers and well known brands being on social media means they have instant access. Therefore in order for consumers to get this immediacy they would need to have a social media site to meet the needs f the consumers quicker making them more convenient. Therefore it allows newspapers as a result the audiences have a wider variety of analysis and opinion, giving a balanced and diverse view on a issue, allowing the community to be connected. Twitter, meanwhile, offers instant access to the ever-changing news landscape, the diversity and balance to open up their users to a variety of newsbrands and journalists, and a means of connecting with the newsbrands and their content that could never have happened in the pre-Twitter landscape.

• The report suggests that old and new media “are not, in fact, in direct competition, but often work extremely well together to enhance both the media eco-system and the consumer experience”. What evidence do they provide to support this idea? Do you agree with it?

Together, Twitter and newsbrands can address the needs states and expectations of the demanding news audience far better than individually. When the three connected elements of the newsbrand eco system work to get the best out of the unique platform that Twitter provides, there is a synergy that really does create a whole that is stronger than the sum of its parts. Newsbrands bring trust, access to deeper analysis and expert opinion, as well as content and brand markers that can identify communities of like-minded people.

• On page 24/25 of the report, the focus turns to 'gossip' or 'banter'. What example tweets from journalists are used to illustrate this? 

                      - Dan Wootton @danwootton • Feb 20 Red carpet awks moment from last night as my                               microphone chord gets stuck to @KlassMyleene’s dress!

                       -I reveal the shocking truth behind Jennifer Aniston’s new hair

• Do you think the increasing amount of 'gossip' or 'banter' is harming the reputation of news and journalists?

Gossip and banter about celebrities, sports or political scandals are all part of the entertainment and are often turned to when news brand followers want to relax.this may frustrate the reader rather than humour them as these are 'click baits' rather then truthful stories, so this is a way of newspapers being greedy and looking for  ways to make money.some examples of 'click bait' (examples above).  

• What does the report say about trust in Twitter and journalists (look at pages 34-39)?

techno-panic is a moral panic that centres on fears regarding specific contemporary technology or technological activity.

• Finally, do you think new and digital media developments such as Twitter have had a positive or negative impact on traditional newspapers?

I don't agree with this as I think that MNC's already have so much media power and control over us that for us as consumers to be giving into the temptation of such a new gadget would just be wrong. Its a violation of our privacy and its a way of slyly finding out information that we all would rather chose to keep quite private.

LR: Essay

WWW: There is the structure here for a good essay but we need to seriously work on the clarity of your writing. Despite this, you’ve got some good examples, statistics and covered a variety of topics within new/digital media so plenty to build on here.

EBI: The key aspect holding you back is the lack of focus on the question – this means you can’t get out of level 2 (D grade or lower). Although you mention the wording from the question (‘production and consumption’) a couple of times, it really feels like an afterthought and doesn’t link to the majority of your points. Without that clear thread or argument running through the essay you will struggle to reach the higher grades.

• You need a proper introduction that answers the question broadly and introduces your case study. You seem to launch straight in and that adds to the feeling you’re never in full control of the essay.
• Linked to the previous points, your topic sentences need serious work. A topic sentence should be clear, simple, relate to the question and make the reader absolutely sure what the following paragraph will address. Not enough of your topic sentences do this. Did you plan the essay? I wonder if the lack of thread running through it is down to a lack of planning the argument? Just a thought.
• Finally, you are lacking quotes and media theory. With this particular essay written online with full access to your notes I am quite disappointed to only see a couple of quotes and very little theory. Much more required for the next assessment.
• Although you’ve got some good examples and statistics, where are your examples of citizen journalism? This feels like a missed opportunity – particularly as you don’t go on to discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of citizen journalism in any detail.
• Marxism paragraph confused – it seems to suggest 20 years ago the mainstream media was left-wing? Not sure if that’s what you meant – or indeed if you can back that up.

LR: Publish this feedback on your blog. Then, write two new sections for this essay – a strong introduction answering the question from both sides and clearly introducing your News case study. Then, re-write the Marxism paragraph bringing in Gramsci’s Hegemony, a variety of examples (recent election?) and linking clearly to the question.

Learner Response:

The Developments of new/digital media has made audience more powerful as they are now actively producing their own content on the internet and therefore have more freedom. Online blogs, forums, global information and social networking sites has increased self-expression for the audience which establishes that they are active consumers and therefore are powerful.  Through the developments of new/digital media “the web has the power to show people’s different views” (Kroteski 2012). It could be suggested that the audience are no longer passive as they can now actively challenging to dominate ideologies through social media. Meanwhile the new and digital media doesn’t always lead to a positive views and values, it allows allot of young people to access things they shouldn’t see such as pornography or to get to attached to pop culture influencing them negatively, and according to the hypodermic needle theory new and digital media as a massive influence on society today.    

Marxist perspective would argue that audiences are not empowered through the development of new and digital media. As Marxists argue that mass media are a tool used by the ruling bodies/elite that reinforce this statement made by Gramsci who used the concept of hegemony to describe the dominance of one social class over another e.g. the ruling class. Furthermore, Chompsky's theory also stems from this hegemonic view as he talks about 'manufacturing consent ‘and the ruling class brainwashing people into believing that something is 'natural or common sense' (hypodermic needle model). In addition, the global village promoted dominant ideologies and some can argue that whether this is good or bad, focusing particularly on Americanisation and Western ideologies is new and and digital media becoming more diverse or re more cultures being subordinated by Americanisation. This links well with major media conglomerate such as Google with 50 billion revenues, Facebook with 5 billion and New Corporation with  33 billion. 

NDM: WEEK 13 (ii)

Sun apologises over misleading ‘Six days to terror’ story

The Sun has apologized for a story that asserted a correspondent had set out from Turkey to France without his passport, in the wake of conceding the data was manufactured. In a rectification on page 2, the daily paper said it had been "deceived" by previous marine and independent writer Emile Ghessen, who asserted he had figured out how to dodge all security checks amid a 2,000-mile venture along an outcast trail from Turkey into western Europe. In any case, Sun insiders said that, after the Croatian powers denied the record, with outputs of his visa to demonstrate it, Ghessen admitted that he had truth be told flown from Croatia to Paris keeping in mind the end goal to manage a "local injury" perhaps including his youngsters.

• ITV News has taken down a related online report about Ghessen’s travels, released before the Sun published, titled “Devon film-maker crosses European borders as Syrian refugee to prove how easy it is”.
• Ghessen’s YouTube channel, as well as Twitter account, has been taken offline since the controversy over the Sun story.
• “I apologise to all that were offended and I should have been more transparent with my work,” 
• When contacted by the Guardian, the Facebook user who posted the apology replied: “I can’t really talk due to legal stuff.”

In my opinion, this just comes to show the level of decline newspapers are facing for them to make-up fake headlines in order to attract readers. 

Globalisation and the media

1) Why was Google Glass controversial?
It was considered controversial due to is being accessible to anyone, and the class being used to do everything, therefore they had a techno panic thinking that this device would cause people to act like zombies, and utilise this product too much. Furthermore people consider it as controversial as that small item has access to everything about the individual, including what they get up to daily by recording it.

2) What are the positive elements to Globalisation that the article highlights?
It is more accessible therefore consumers can buy this product anywhere, also because its from a well known brands consumers can trust this products buying the product. The main advantage of gloalisation outlined in this article is because its from google producers would just buy it thinking it may have possitive effect, allowing this business to have more retained profit.

3) What are potential negatives to Globalisation?
Globalisation puts pressure on less established business, also for the google glasses it makes similar products harder to enter the market, as it would make it really hard for them to compete with a well established business such as google.

4) What is a techno-panic? How does it link to moral panics?
Techno panic is similar to moral panic but from a technology preservative. this is the belief that people are become more dependent on technology making consumers lazy. So it is an exaggerated thought that the technology is having a threat on the humanity expectations such as communicating with one another verbally rather than virtually.

5) What is your opinion on the privacy debate and major corporations being able to access large quantities of personal data?
I think this is due to peoples increase dependence on the internet, and the fact that every think is accessible and more convenient on the internet, therefore leading to more and more people going using more data. I would be surprised if the UK govt could insist a non-UK multinational comply with such a request - it would be outside of their jurisdiction. The only outcome I could see there would be for the multinational's product being banned for use in the UK. I think this would just make criminals smarter in passing their messages to each other.

NDM case study: Globalisation

1) Is our news influenced by American cultural imperialism? What examples can you think of?
I think that our news is influenced by the American cultural imperialism. This is because most content produced in the UK's news is mainly american based. For example, Obama is very popular in the UK as the news always produce facts about him, celebrities from the USA are shown on the news too and many more.

2) Has the increased globalisation of news improved the audience experience? How? Why?
I think that it has improved the audiences experiences as they are being able to access a variety of information, which could get out of control as they are seeing and hearing more than they should be. Globalisation allows you to get different views and opinions on situations etc. and this is up to you whether you want to believe if its true or not.

3) Has globalisation benefited or damaged major news institutions? How? Why?
I think that it has not benefited news institutions as there have been a variety of different views and opinions and other resources over the  internet which can cause institutions to go into a decline as the public will be using other sites.

Marxism & Pluralism: Alain de Botton on the news

Questions:

1) To what extent do you agree with Alain de Botton's views on the News?
I agree with Alain de Botton's view on the News to a certain extent because he makes a few valid points. The news is in fact the most powerful force out there and we only seem to concentrate on news that is put into some sort of disastrous imagery. The news "parachutes us to disastrous places" as we are familiar with the area around us. The news only shows us what they view as priorities and, in a way, has replaced the role of religion, as it guides people now. Recently, people feel helpless and manipulated by the news. Some news content is biased and due to the level o negativity thrown at us, people flee to the government and view them as a refuge. The news always sends a moral panic (Cohen).

2) How can you link Marxism and Hegemony to de Botton's criticisms of the News?
A marxist would agree with Botton's point about false role models and how it creates envy in people and overall just adds to the negativity and misguidance that the media enforces. With news stories of people becoming successful in a certain field, it's really only a happy story for that person, whilst it leaves audiences with no life lesson from these "role models" and just more upset at how their lives aren't as successful.

3) How could you use Pluralism and new technology to challenge de Botton's views on the News?
A pluralist perspective would actually argue that the advancements in technology have greatly improved and we are now able to easily access our own choice of news as well as produce news as well. With new and digital technology, we have options of doing this anonymously which ultimately means that we , to some extent, are protected from the repercussions of voicing alternative ideologies while still challenging the 'norms' that the elite has imposed upon us.

4) Choose two news stories from the last six months - one that supports de Botton's views and one that challenges his belief that the News is used for social control. 
Challenges: http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/30/sun-website-to-scrap-paywall- sun scrapping the paywall challenges de Botton's view because it is beneficial to the audience who seems to hold the power over the news.
Supports: http://www.theguardian.com/science/brain-flapping/2015/mar/04/the-most-important-article-youll-ever-read - this article is about how to determine which articles are important to write about, this supports de Botton as he also goes on about how some stories are presented as more important due to what is popular. this article looks at how to determine the importance.

NDM Week 12 (ii)

MPs demand meeting with Sun editor over Muslim survey story

MPs have requested a meeting with the manager of the Sun daily paper for affirming a front-page story that dishonestly asserted one in five British Muslims had sensitivity for the individuals who have left to battle for Islamic State in Syria. The 10 MPs said in a letter to the Sun on Thursday: "We are keeping in touch with solicitation a meeting with you in regards to your late story '1 in 5 Brit Muslims' sensitivity for jihadists' from Monday 23 November." Shabana Mahmood, Labor MP for Birmingham Ladywood, drove the Labor backbench require a clarification from Tony Gallagher, the tabloid's proofreader. The MPs said they were concerned in regards to the effect "imperfect" and "deceiving" stories have in stirring scorn violations.

• “Figures this week show that in one week since the barbaric Paris attacks hate crimes against Muslims have increased by 300% in the UK,” 
• this week there had been an “alarming increase” in attacks on British Muslims.
• Mahmood pointing out: “This data suggests that the views of Muslims and non-Muslims are not that different.” 
• database of 42m profiles against a list of what it described as “1,500 Muslim surnames”.
• However, the Sun defended its reporting. “People are angry because we dared to tell the truth. Bizarre, no?” 

NDM Week 12 (i)

#1in5Muslims: Twitter mocks Sun front page with 'facts' about Muslims

After the Sun distributed a front page guaranteeing one in five British Muslims had "sensitivity for jihadis", the tabloid has been hit with feedback about its surveying techniques and a record number of Ipso protests. Twitter clients, be that as it may, took an alternate tack. Utilizing the hashtag #1in5Muslims, some highly required cleverness was included as individuals tweeted their own particular made up and silly certainties about Muslims. They ran from cut of life silliness:

• #1in5Muslims use 'Inshallah' to politely avoid committing to any plan. (And it works.) "Wanna get coffee sometime?" "Sure, yeah, inshallah."
• #1in5Muslims are lucky enough not to have a red squiggly line under their name in Microsoft Word
• #1in5Muslims have accidentally munched on a packet of gelatine haribos
• #1in5muslims look like Zayn Malik, according to their mums.
• #1in5Muslims think Netflix and chill means Netflix and chill.

In my opinion, the hashtag was a fun approach to show Muslims meeting up to set the record straight additionally to demonstrate the cheerful and fun in approach to ignore such crazy cases. The message was clear - you attempt to sensationalize and trash a group then individuals force will ascend and put some rumors to rest." The Sun's survey, directed by Survation, has drawn examination from a few sources, with a few surveyors saying the inquiry did not make it clear whom "warriors in Syria" alluded to.

Essay

The development of new/digital media means the audience is more powerful in terms of consumption and production. Discuss the arguments for and against this view.

It can be argued that the development of new and digital media has made audiences more powerful, which is evident in the decline of newspapers. Due to this development it meant that audiences can access articles online rather than buying the actual newspaper, which can have some negative effects on the newspaper industry. This made newspapers less valuable and causing the nature of it to change from providing news to  providing opinions/ false information (such as click bait) to attract readers. But the newspaper industry who suffered the most are local newspapers. Only 49% of the people who consume news do it because they want to know what is going on in their local area, which means that more than 50% don’t care about local news which means that local newspapers such as the Ealing gazette has suffered. New and digital media can be blamed because people who use newspapers to find out news in general is decline, which means that bigger industries can afford to put the distribution of their newspapers on apps or online (the people who use apps/internet for the news increased by 11% in one year), which means local newspapers who don't have the budget would be hit harder. This means that the survival of these industries are significantly influenced by them utilising new and digital media to meet the needs of the audiences, in order for them to consume their products.

However, they can still maintain the quality of news in the newspaper to create the trust that internet news doesn't have, eg .google news just draws together sources from all around the world making it unreliable as a result printed newspapers can use that to their advantage. Furthermore they can increase the prices of their newspapers to compensate for the advertisement they lost to the internet. However the newspaper industry should really consider ways to work with new and digital media as it is going to continue to grow which may have an even bigger effect on them, the most attractive thing about news on the internet is citizen journalism and people being able to communicate their ideas, and so the newspaper industry should really consider that. Citizen journalism has allowed more powerful in the consumption and production of news. Most of the sources such as footage of a crime is mostly produced by the public, suggesting that they contribute to the production of news.

Furthermore, the development in new and digital media has had many impacts on both producers and consumer in the last 20 years. The developments include social networking sites, which allow people to communicate worldwide getting different sides of an argument/opinion despite cultural differences and language barriers. An example of this is Malala Yousafzai's twitter which has 244K followers around the world and is the discussion ground for children's rights to education in under developing countries. This suggests that the social media is a way of accessing opinions as well as getting involved with political debates/ pop culture in the long run the involvement of audience’s opinion can be the turning point to social change, showing how new and digital media made audiences more powerful. Similarly Obama used NDM (social networking sites)to campaign during his election, this allowed him to communicate directly to people of America so he knew exactly how to please and get votes of them, and the reaction of the audiences may lead to him getting the votes or not.

Marxists believe that media owners control ideas because they control the information people are allowed to access. They believe that the media is consciously biased; they provide members of society with a worldwide view or ideologies that explicitly favour the rich and powerful. This is evident in newspaper articles that mostly support right wing political parties such as the conservatives. 20 years ago people relied on newspapers that were mostly owned by the middleclass for opinions, this means that most of the articles were political biased towards left wing as a result people had a limited range of opinions. The increase use of new and digital media changed that. Newspapers being streamed online allowed people to get involved with news as well as commenting their opinions without being afraid to stand out as the internet is desensitised, as a result people have access to a greater variety of views and values. The desensitisation of the internet however has led to the number of suicide rates due to cyber bulling to triple in 2013 according to ‘good magazine’ suggesting that having access to variety of views and values doesn’t always lead to positive effects but can be damaging to society especially the younger generation.

Meanwhile, this desensitisation and citizen journalism has suggests that there isn’t really an empowerment of the media, but the audiences/ members of society are changing the ways of the media supporting purist beliefs. Purists believe that Choice is involved not just access to a range of different media and views but also to the status of consumers, for pluralist the consumer is the most important factor, this is evident by the use of social media and theses advertisement targeting everyone regardless of age and class, as a result supporting the pluriast ideologies. Digital media is new technology that has an impact on the media. These can be things such as apps, social media, online news, email and many more. Due to this, audiences have access to a greater variety of views and values. The internet is mainly, widely used by the younger generation as they have more access to it e.g. in schools or on their phones. However, is becoming more accessible for adults too. For example, 18.3 million households in the UK (70%) had internet access in 2009 compared to 2 million in 2006 and has risen to 87% in 2013, suggesting access to the internet is increasing significantly, each year. In addition, the younger generation use the internet to look up news, information, listen to music, watch movies, play games etc.  The internet can have positive and negative effects on society both economically and intellectually, meanwhile it is thought of as” the most important medium of the centrum “by Biggs and Burke suggesting that the internet is key in our society today.

In conclusion the development in new and digital media has allowed audiences to become more powerful. This means that they can use the internet to do almost anything. Meanwhile the new and digital media doesn’t always lead to a positive views and values, it allows allot of young people to access things they shouldn’t see such as pornography or to get to attached to pop culture influencing them negatively, and according to the hypodermic needle theory new and digital media as a massive influence on society today. Though this can be argued my a marxasits its a way of creating divergent and keeping people of lower class feel like they have control and access. As a result the extent to which the audiences are powerful is questioned.    

NDM: WEEK 10(ii)

Broadband bills will have to increase to pay for snooper's charter, MPs are warned

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/nov/11/broadband-bills-increase-snoopers-charter-investigatory-powers-bill-mps-warned
Recent reports inform us that if the snoopers charter is to be passed and funded, consumers will have to pay more on their internet bills, MPs are warned. They are unaware of just how much data is used by the average person; the article states that a common gamer plays through steam, live-streams using twitch, whilst using skype or something similar to communicate with friends, which is a huge amount of data being used by one person, let alone the whole population.

• “The bill appears to be limiting the amount of funds available to a figure that we don’t recognise would be suitable for the entire industry to do it,” he said, adding that “the ongoing costs of looking after the data … will have to come out of price-rises”.
• “On a typical 1 gigabit connection we see over 15TB of data per year passing over that connection … If you say that a proportion of that is going to be the communications data, it’s going to be the most massive amount of data that you’d be expected to keep in the future.
• “for UK-based companies that serve non-UK customers, there’s some evidence, from what is happening to Microsoft right now in the US, that that can really undermine the trust of non-UK customers"

I think this is due to peoples increase dependence on the internet, and the fact that every think is accessible and more convenient on the internet, therefore leading to more and more people going using more data.  

NDM: WEEK 10 (i)

BBC says public back its online journalism even if it hurts papers

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/nov/05/bbc-says-public-back-its-online-journalism-even-if-it-hurts-papers

The BBC has hit back at critics who say it should stop publishing written journalism online, claiming the vast majority of the public support its digital news coverage even if it makes it more difficult for newspapers to make money. Newspapers were “entitled” to be concerned if the BBC continued to “provide news content that looks like newspaper content” and suggested the corporation should consider reining in its online operation.

• a survey commissioned by the BBC has found that 95% of the public think it is important that the BBC publish written news on its apps and website, and more than three quarters think it should keep doing so even if it makes it harder for newspapers to attract readers and generate revenue.
• Only 6% said they thought the negative impact on newspapers meant the BBC should stop publishing online, and 83% said the BBC should continue its current approach to putting news online.

I think that to some extent this may be a way of getting more people to read their news stories but it may lead to a decline in BBC news revenue affecting the future quality of their news.

Marxism & Pluralism: To what extent...?

Developments in new/digital media mean that audiences can now have access to a greater variety of views and values.  To what extent are audiences empowered by these developments?

Marxists believe that media owners control ideas becuase they control the information people are allowed to access . the believe that the media is consciously biased, they provide members of society with a worls wide view or ideologies that explicitly favour the rich and powerful. This is evident in newspaper articles that mostly support right wing political parties such as the conservatives. 20 years ago people relied on newspapers that were mostly owned by the middleclass for opinions, this means that most of the articles were political biased towards left wing as a result people had a limited range of opinions. The increase use of new and digital media changed that. Newspapers being streamed online allowed people to get involved with news as well as commenting their opinions without being afraid to stand out as the internet is desensitised, as a result people have access to a greater variety of views and values, however a Marxist belief is that the other members of society are like "millions of monkeys typing nonsence" therefore the lower class's opinions are not valued its irrelevant. The desensitisation of the internet however has led to the number of suicide rates due to cyber bulling to triple in 2013 according to ‘good magazine’ suggesting that having access to variety of views and values doesn’t always lead to positive effects but can be damaging to society especially the younger generation. 

Meanwhile, this desentitisation and citizen journalism has suggests that there isn't really an empowerment of the media, but the audiences/ members of society are changing the ways of the media supporting pulirist beliefs. Pulirists believe that Choice is involved not just access to a range of different media and views but also to the status of consumers, for pluralist the consumer is the most important factor, this is evident by the use of social media and theses advertisement targeting everyone regardless of age and class, as a result supporting the pluralist ideologies. Digital media is new technology that has an impact on the media. These can be things such as apps, social media, online news, email and many more. Due to this, audiences have access to a greater variety of views and values. The internet is mainly, widely used by the younger generation as they have more access to it e.g. in schools or on their phones. However, is becoming more accessible for adults too. For example, 18.3 million households in the UK (70%) had internet access in 2009 compared to 2 million in 2006 and has risen to 87% in 2013, suggesting access to the internet is increasing significantly, each year. In addition, the younger generation use the internet to look up news, information, listen to music, watch movies, play games etc.  The internet can have positive and negative effects on society both economically and intellectually, meanwhile it is thought of as” the most important medium of the centrum “ by Biggs and Burke suggesting that the internet is key in our society today.

 

NDM news Week 9 (ii)

Can dropping the paywall and upping the story count boost Sun’s website?

http://www.theguardian.com/media/media-blog/2015/nov/01/sun-website-paywall-rebekah-brooks-tony-gallagher

Rupert Murdoch, the media mogul previously known for his refusal to give editorial content away free, has bowed to the inevitable by dismantling the Sun’s paywall. It was a flawed decision at its inception in 2013 and has proved to be disastrous ever since.Although the revenue garnered from the Sun’s £7.99 monthly subscription for website access proved lucrative, it had the effect of locking the paper out from the online national conversation. It is known that he believed the Sun’s recent campaign against cuts to tax credits would have been greatly enhanced had there not been a paywall in place. It is obvious that a paper trying to put a government under pressure can benefit from maximising its reach

• dismantling the Sun’s paywall
• Sun’s £7.99 monthly subscription
• flawed decision at its inception in 2013
• Sun’s recent campaign against cuts to tax credits would have been greatly enhanced had there not been a paywall in place.

I agree that the sun would have been more influential on their campaign against cuts in tax credit if there wasn't a paywall. this would of allowed lots of people who are on tax credit to access their articles comment and contribute to the mutual disagreement.

NDM news week 9 (i)

Why tech companies are really worried about the snooper's charter

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/nov/10/why-tech-companies-worried-snoopers-charter-whatsapp-imessage

The tech companies warn that the new bill has a wider definition of telecommunications operator which covers companies like Apple and Facebook, as well as the old ISPs. The legislation includes a number of clauses which are scaring technology firms. Under the proposals they can be required to provide assistance to the government to hack their own users; they can be mandated to open their networks up to bulk interception of data; and they can be required to modify their technologies to make the interception of data easier, even to the extent of removing “electronic protections” applied to them.

• legislation is permitting technology companies to look at peoples messages
• Under the proposals they can be required to provide assistance to the government to hack their own users
• modify their technologies to make the interception of data easier
• giving their users less privacy so the government can have access to the consumers communications.

I would be surprised if the UK govt could insist a non-UK multinational comply with such a request - it would be outside of their jurisdiction. The only outcome I could see there would be for the multinational's product being banned for use in the UK. i think this would just make criminals smarter in passing their messages to each other.

NDM news Week 8 (ii)

Online economy booming in china 

http://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/nov/10/china-singles-day-1111-expected-to-break-records
China’s latest five-year economic plan, details of which emerged this week, outlines a goal of “a more sustainable and balanced way of development”, with annual growth targets of at least 6.5%.
Not everyone is impressed with the furore around Singles’ Day. In an interview with the Qingdao Morning Post, one man lamented how in recent years his wife had frittered away 130,000 yuan (£13,500) of their hard-earned savings on Double Eleven purchases – thus dashing their dreams of buying a new home. As millions of shoppers prepared to click their way to consumer happiness, the man, named only as Mr Cao, was left with nothing but bitterness and regret. “Our plan didn’t work out because my wife overspent online,” he complained.

•  annual growth targets of at least 6.5%.
• frittered away 130,000 yuan (£13,500) of their hard-earned savings on Double Eleven purchases
•  click their way to consumer happiness
• overspent online

This comes to show the uses of new and digital media. people are able to purchase with just a click, however this article focuses on the negative issues associated with online purchases. it can have positive influences eg, women in china not given that much independence therefore this is a way of the getting what they need making it more convenient for them.

NDM: Marxism, Pluralism and Hegemony

1)What does the police officer's subsequent aquittal suggest about the power of new and digital media?
Furthermore, the power of the police officer's subsequent aquittal suggests that new and digital media has become more advanced and it shows the public the true side of what the ruling class are like. Also, it shows us that no matter what the ruling class have committed, they will still get let off as they are superior and dominant, which is discrimination towards others, causing them to act up.

2) What does the author argue regarding whether hegemony is being challenged by Web 2.0?
The author argues that new an digital media is challenging the concept of hegemony as its showing the public the true side of the ruling class. Also, the author is arguing that we don't really have as much power as we think we have and so we shouldn't expect too much from ourselves.

3) In your opinion, does new and digital media reinforce dominant hegemonic views or give the audience a platform to challenge them?
In my opinion, i think that new and digital media have given audiences a platform to challenge dominant hegemonic views. This is due to the fact that when the public are given access to see footage by citizens online e.g social networking sites such as Youtube an Facebook, which haven't been manipulated, edited or cut, they can express their views and opinions on what the ruling class are really like, which can cause chaos. For example the man who was strangled to death by the police, caused chaos and and riots. People were rioting against the police as they believe that everyone should be treated the same. As the police are the ruling class, they feel as if us citizens are below them and so they can do anything to s, but i believe that this is so wrong. Some say the police are good and some can argue that they are bad. I can argue for and against this as they do help to keep peace but then sometimes they take advantage of their status.

NDM news Week 7 (ii)

When did people on Instagram become walking adverts?

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/08/on-instagram-every-day-is-black-friday-social-media
"The real selling power is on social media" This article states most of us over the age of 11 know what an advert looks like, on Instagram, the fastest-growing social network in the world, the fastest-growing demographic is children and young teenagers. Instagram doesn’t release figures, but just ask a tween. They’ll tell you, if they’re not too busy uploading selfies. Adverts on Instagram don’t look like adverts, they look like people. People who are wearing things they’ve been given, or photographing things they’ve been given, or being paid to wear or eat or display in their homes more or less anything that can be placed inside a stylised frame and pumped out to their thousands of followers

• instagram fastest growing social media in the world
• adverts on insta donr look like adverts (mostly of celebrities using the products)
• photographing things they’ve been given, or being paid to wear
• Danielle Bernstein a 23 year old with 1.3 million followes said she gets paid up to $15,000 for a single intagram post

In my opinion this just come to show the influence of new and digital media on society, and the fact that advertisers are willing to pay that much comes to suggests that this is the most effective way of reaching their audiences (rather than TV adverts, the spend more on social media adverts). showing the empowenment of new and digital media. 

NDM News Week 7 (i)

Twitter hires Storyful founder for senior international role

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/nov/10/twitter-hires-storyful-founder-for-senior-international-role

Mark Little, the founder of News Corp owned social news agency Storyful, has been hired as a senior executive across Twitter’s international operation. Little, who sold Dublin-based Storyful to News Corp for £15m in December 2013, left in June after just 18 months saying it’s best to “quit while you’re ahead”. Last month, Twitter moved to cut 336 employees, about 8% of its global workforce.  

• Mark little hired as a senior executive across twitter international.
• sold Dublin-based Storyful 
• people thought he “quit while you’re ahead”

In my opinion this movement from being a journalist to being the executive of an international program shows the level of decline in news. therefore forcing journalist to find other ways of making money, and the fact that he now works for a social media site suggests that social media (which is a new and digital media is more secure than working for a news corporation.  

NDM news Week 8 (i)

Sexting becoming 'the norm' for teens, warn child protection experts

http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/nov/10/sexting-becoming-the-norm-for-teens-warn-child-protection-experts
This article shows the true scale of young people’s sexting activity is unclear, but Ceop is notified of a serious incident on average about once a day, with reports coming from schools, parents or pupils. In September, the legal risks were made clear when a 14-year-old boy was told his details would be held on a police database for 10 years for the crime of making and distributing an indecent image of a child. He had sent a naked image of himself to a classmate. All involve serious concerns about child protection. A recent reliable survey found that 12% of 11- to 16-year-olds have seen or received sexual messages online. That’s obviously quite a big minority, but it’s still very much the minority.

• sexting/sending nudes becoming a norm, to maintain relationships
• the population of teens sending nudes has grown 
• its found that 12% of 11-16 have sent/ recieved nudes or dogy pics of classmates

In my opinion it is because of the excessive acceptability and and use of social networking and online communications. this gives us the ability to hide behind and give us these confidences that we wouldn't normally do in a conversation, this is why cyber bulling is more likely to occur than physical bulling in the last 5 years.

New and digital media WEEK 6

The protest outside AFP's offices in Paris

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/23/buzzfeed-journalist-attacked-paris-david-perrotin-ldj-afp
A leading French journalist working for BuzzFeed was attacked by far-right Jewish extremists as a mob tried to storm the offices of the country’s national news agency in Paris on Thursday. David Perrotin was protected by police after being surrounded by a dozen masked men brandishing batons. The Ligue de Défense Juive was protesting against Agence France Presse’s coverage of the Israel-Palestine conflict. Trouble broke out soon after 8pm when about 100 people brandishing flags and letting off flares tried to storm AFP’s offices. As the crowd approached the entrance to the building, opposite the Paris stock exchange, tear gas was sprayed in their faces, and skirmishes in Paris on Thursday. Some of the demonstrators were shouting “We’re coming to get you!” at journalists, while others screamed: “Islamic terrorists!!"

• 8pm when about 100 people brandishing flags 
•  BuzzFeed was attacked
• in Paris on Thursday
• protesting against Agence France Presse’s coverage of the Israel-Palestine conflict.
• shouting “We’re coming to get you!” at journalists, while others screamed: “Islamic terrorists!!"

In my opinion This is really unnecessary and the Jewish protesters should be a little sensitive towards the Muslims as they may be going through the same regret. The jesish thought that the representation of the conflict was biased and not an accurate coverage, this protest could push the french journalist working for buzzfeed to be more accurate with their news stories giving the people of france a higher quality news. 

NDM: news value

Galtung and Ruge (1981) defined a set of news values to explain how journalists and editors decided that certain stories and photographs were accepted as newsworthy, while others were not.

The following list is adapted from their work:
Immediacy: has it happened recently?
Familiarity: is it culturally close to us in Britain?
Amplitude: is it a big event or one which involves large numbers of people?Frequency: does the event happen fairly regularly?
Unambiguity: is it clear and definite?
Predictability: did we expect it to happen?
Surprise: is it a rare or unexpected event?
Continuity: has this story already been defined as news?
Elite nations and people: which country has the event happened in? Does the story concern well-known people? Negativity: is it bad news?

Immediacy is more important because news is more breaking on sites like twitter than anywhere else. If it happens recently there is likely to a conversation and global talking point on social media and other online websites. Immediacy has become much more important as we are more likely to see more opinions and comments of the story now than before.

Familiarity has changed because news that is close to us is more important. We want to know what is going on around us in our country and if it is culturally close to us then we are likely to want to know more about it.


Amplitude has also become much more important because news that involves larger groups of people are likely to be more reported. It seems like a bigger impact because theres a larger group of people. NDM means that more people are likely to be involved with a big event or one that involves large numbers of people. This includes social media and networking sites.


Frequency has changed throughout the years. More frequent events are talked about in the news. If it relates to someone specific who is powerful then it is likely to be frequently on the news or on any NDM.


Unambiguity has been changed by NDM because newspaper articles are much more clear with videos and other stories, they use much more information in videos. If information on a news cooperation website doesn't make sense, someone's comments and other editing options are allowed to change it.


Predictability has been changed by NDM because news stories a lot more predictable as they tend to post similar stories to the past. It is predictable that Google will take over advertising as they are such a huge institution however it is much easier to piece parts of this story together using different news providers than it would be by using a physical newspaper.


Surprise is it a rare or unexpected event?Most of the information that we get can be a surprise but if we already know about it or heard about it then it wouldn't be. Sometimes news stories continue so that they make a story.

Continuity: has this story already been defined as news?Most stories do carry on as they need to make sure that the story gets heard. They would normally have stories that are matching with it and connect with it, so that it builds up.Most  stories would be shown on TV, websites, youtube etc so that people can access it everywhere.

Elite nations and people: which country has the event happened in? Does the story concern well-known people? Having this lets everyone access any story they want to. In the UK we get stories about america, Europe etc. We get informed of the stories that happen in other parts of the country that let us know what's happening. Having this is good as we get know what happening and how it could effect us if it does.

Negativity: is it bad news?Most stories show bad news and you get to hear about it. Most stories than show different versions of it and you get to know it.

Balance: the story may be selected to balance other news, such as a human survival story to balance a number of stories concerning death.
There will always be a balance of the stories as they show the most bad ones first then mainly dies it down and show the good ones last. This is to give a balance of the different stories as not all stories can be depressing and sad, they have to have something that changes the topic completely.


How has new and digital media technology changed Galtung and Ruge’s news values?

In my opinion, i think that new and digital media hasn't changed Galtung and Ruge's values as in most news stories, we see immediacy, familiarity, amplitude, frequencey, unambiguity, predictability, surprise, continuity, elite nations and people, negativity and balance.

QnA with BBC Spokes Person

Questions:

1) To what extent do you think new and digital media has influenced the BBC (positively or negatively)?

2) Do you think the need for journalists have declined due to citizen journalism?

3) There was a recent article about the BBC fearing the decline for the use of TV rather than online streaming sites, what ways have you come up with to get youths interested in the TV rather than thair digital device?

Read the article from Media Magazine: The Rise and Rise of UGC (Dec 2009). Use our Media Magazine archive, click on MM30 and go to page 55.
https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B0i5diL3vrEiSGxRNHIyZmM4Ums&usp=drive_web
Next, create a blogpost where you make notes from the article under the following headings:

Examples

• Caught Rodney King, an African-American, after a high speed chase, the officers surrounded him, tasered him and beat him with clubs. The event was filmed by an onlooker from his apartment window. The home-video footage made prime-time news and became an international media sensation, and a focus for complaints about police racism towards African-Americans.
• Asian Tsunami on December 26th 2004 was another turning point for UGC. Much of the early footage of events was provided from citizen journalists, or ‘accidental journalists,’ providing on-the-spot witness accounts of events as they unfolded. Tourists who would otherwise have been happily filming holiday moments were suddenly recording one of the worst natural disasters in recent times.
• The London bombings on July 5th 2005, provided another hard-hitting and emotive. An audience used to relatively unmediated reality through the prevalence of reality TV can now see similarly unmediated footage on the news.
• Video footage that 23-year-old Seung-Hui Cho,an undergraduate at Virginia Tech, mailed into NBC News. Between his first attack, when he shot two people, he sent the package from a local post office, before going on to kill a further 30 people. 
• Mumbai bombings
• Hudson river plane crash

Theory (audience reception etc.)
Benefits to institutions 

• Citizen journalism benefits institutions as it makes their company more known; they're gaining more views from the public.
• Also, huge companies such as Google have brought social networking sites such as YouTube to become more known and popular.
• Flickr is now owned by Yahoo, Microsoft invested in Facebook, and News Corporation, is owned by Murdoch, bought MySpace.

Benefits to audience 

• It has benefited audiences dramatically as they are able to see the true original story of what had actually happened, without anything being manipulated by the editors.

Wider issues and debates 

• However, audiences may misinterpret the footage in another way as the quality maybe be poor e.g too shaky and blurry. 
• Also, editors may not use the whole footage, they may cut some things out of it to make it seem less damaging
• Creates moral panics

SHEP

Social

• Creates moral panics
• Causes the public to take action e.g protests by the majority - which could lead to destruction and chaos
• Fear of unemployment by journalists
• Historical
• The only way for news to get around was by listening to the radio or by word of mouth as advances technology e.g phones with cameras, were not invented then
• Economical
• Moral panics, which turns into chaos, leads to billions of pounds to make everything back to the way it was
• However, as everyone is producing new content, journalist fear of losing their jobs as no one would turn to them, because it is better to look at things in a video rather than reading it

Political

• Causes chaos with politics if riots occur

What is meant by the term ‘citizen journalist’?
The term citizen journalism, is where the public record footage themselves and publish it on social networking sites such as YouTube for everyone to watch globally e.g A man recorded police officers strangling his friend to death and posted it online for everyone to see

What was one of the first examples of news being generated by ‘ordinary people’?
Rodney King, an African-American, after a high speed chase, the officers surrounded him, tasered him and beat him with clubs. The event was filmed by an onlooker from his apartment window. The home-video footage made prime-time news and became an international media sensation, and a focus for complaints about police racism towards African-Americans.

What is one of the main differences between professionally shot footage and that taken first-hand (UGC)?
Professional footage is shown after the incident has happened - its not live. However, it may have been edited to make the scenario seem not so damaging. Also footage is clear. Whereas, with first-hand footage, it is shown there and then; at the time the incident had occurred, it shows the audience everything that occurred, although the footage is unclear and blurry.

What is a gatekeeper?
Gatekeepers are people who are an attendant employed to control what goes through a gate e.g footage that can be published on YouTube.

How has the role of a gatekeeper changed?
The role of the gatekeepers have changed dramatically as they allow sensitive topics/footage to be publish on social networking sites. They are not as harsh as they used to be e.g pornography is accessible for everyone of all ages.

What is one of the primary concerns held by journalists over the rise of UGC?
They fear that due to all the content produced by citizens, they will become unemployed as the public are more likely to watch what they have recorded, which is all legit, rather than read something which may have been twisted by journalists - not the full story.

What impact is new/digital media having on the following:
News stories - The public are less likely to read these stories as they'd prefer to watch the real thing
The news agenda - More exciting and interesting stories are shown on new and digital media, which, could lead to a decline in news stories - they would need to produce better stories than others to still exist.
The role of professionals in news - their jobs could go into a decline as the public would watch footage that hasn't been manipulated with than footage that has.

New and Digital Media (WEEK 5ii)

Tech companies urged to protect young from dangers of excessive screen time

http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/oct/10/tech-companies-young-dangers-excessive-screen-time
Children using smartphones, standing in a row
The article talks about how children have become way to addicted to gadgets and smartphones and how it is affecting them severely and has an affect on their well-being. It says they need to protect these children form becoming psychologically damaged before its to late.

• "New technologies, smartphones, tablets and social networking sites have brough great benefits to millions of people, including children"

• Lloyd said the government needed to “empower young people through education in the classroom to understand how usage of social networking sites and screen-based media can influence their wellbeing, for example, by making them feel inadequate next to the online lives presented by peers”.

• The SSC also floated ideas that could help children when using electronic media. These include encouraging them to keep social media diaries to help them “balance” their online and offline lives and for social networking sites to install “virtual” usage meters as default settings for all users who are under 18, so that they are made aware of how long they are spending online.

In my opinion, i think that children should be kept away from all these new gadgets and phones as its destroying them psychically and mentally. When i was younger, i did not have any of this, all i had was toys and dolls for me to play with - i had a childhood. These children don't. They have become too addicted to these gadgets, its come to a point where children cry just to play on their parents phones rather than play with toys.

New and Digital Media Week 5

USA today's Facebook - inspired use of emojis gets thumbs down

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/12/us-todays-facebook-emojis-twitter

USA Today: emojis on the front page were inspired by Facebook Reactions.
This article talks about how emojis are a common feature of online messaging on smartphones and computers and is extremely popular with the public. It also says how 'USA today's' have started using them with each article they produce e.g an article about Russian bombing of Syria was illustrated with an angry red face, while a story about the stabbing of a US citizen - who had recently helped stop a terrorist attack in France - carried a sad face with a tear emerging from one eye.  It was noted that the more digital people are, the more the seemed to like them.

• The stunt received a mixed reaction on twitter, with some pointing out that it jarred with the serious nature of the stories being covered and others questioning whether emojis had a place in print.

In my opinion, having emojis on a newspaper would take the seriousness out of the article, it would seem like the newspaper company is mocking the content of the article. However it does help the audiences and the journalists empathise with the people the story is on.

New and Digital Media (WEEK 4ii)

Ad blockers are wreaking havoc with the online revenue of newspapers

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/04/eclipse-threatens-newspaper-giants-buying-digital-rivals

This article is about the effects ad blocker is having on newspaper revenues, research has found that moblile advertising overtaken print ads in the UK, which is 20% of the entire advertising revenue. Facebook and the social mob are becoming a news hub of their own for hundreds of millions of (often young) users –potentially eclipsing the value of discrete news websites.The ad blockers of this world are destructive forces, undermining the revenue base of so much news coverage. This article stays optimistic that this is a small obstetrical the newspaper industry can overcome.

• 20% of advertising revenue made by mobile advertising
• Ad blocker causing a decrease of the revenue for more industries
• the newspaper continues to go into a revenue decline 

In my opinion the newspaper industry should really consider ways to work with new and digital media as it is going to continue to grow which may have an even bigger effect on them, the most attractive thing about news on the internet is citizen journalism and people being able to communicate their ideas, so the newspaper industry should really consider that, as well as figuring out schemes to increase the quality of the news they produce.

New and Digital Media (WEEK 4)

BBC sees danager of losing young viewers distracted by devices  

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/05/bbc-sees-danger-of-losing-young-viewers-distracted-by-devices

This article is about the BBC trying to think of schemes to get the younger audiences interested in content on the TV instead of their mobile phones. The BBC believe that their main threat isnt online streaming sites such as netflix but the device mostly associated with their younger audiences.The way they are dealing with that decline of younger audiences watching TV on the television, is by having a 'sign in' on iplayer, this would allow them to see what the youger audiences are interested in. North said the BBC is working hard to understand changing mobile viewing habits, and the impact of social networking on what, when and how people watch the broadcaster’s shows. But he said the television in the corner of the living room still has an important role even in the OTT world.

• Netflix is not a threat to TV
• biggest growth being iPlayer 
• we understand as entertainment today
• when and how people watch the broadcaster’s shows

I think that the mobile phones and the evaluation of technology in general is threat to traditional sources of media. Personally i spend more time on my phone than on watching TV, anything i do need to watch is done through my mobile phone or other devices, suggesting that we as a society has outgrown the traditional television and look for alternatives of watching broadcasting shows.

Build The Wall Analysis

Summary if each section:

Section 1

The newspaper industry can still be saved if all the newspaper providers relaunch with a paywall, therefore the readers would have no choice but to subscribe and the newspaper industry can be saved.

"you must act together"

Section 2

The newspaper industry and the internet can compromise in a way they can both make profit, internet advertisement doesn't bring in much revenue, but a paywall will increase their profits.

Section 3

Newspapers have lost their value in order to attract and entertain readers, to keep them coming back so the newspaper industry does not completely die out.

Section 4

Building a paywall can mean that the industries have more to money to invest in increasing the quality of news, in the newsrooms and surveillance around.

Summary of David Simon's overall argument. 

 David Simon's mostly focused on the financial advantages of having a paywall. He used facts and figures to emphasis his point. one of his main examples was the 'Baltimore sun' which a subscription newspaper is a niche audience, it has only 210,000 readers at $10, making a profit of $2.5 million a year excluding the delivery and the printing cost, suggesting that the paywall is a realistic approach for the newspapers to continue striving. David Simons believes that the only way the newspaper industry can be saved is if all the available newspapers go on the pay wall at the same time, as a result readers would have no choice but to pay the subscription causing all the newspapers to develop and survive together. He talks about the long term effects of having a pay wall such as the increase in the quality of news, the pay wall would allow the newspaper industry to invest more money in hiring staff to get high quality news, which can mean readers get more reliable news. He believes that there is still time for the newspaper to act and save the industry but it needs the commiseration of all newspaper. He thinks that in order for the newspaper industry to stark making money the major company owners should stop being selfish and work together. In addition he believes that the reason the newspaper industry is failing is because of the lack of strategical/logical thinking and the inability to take risk(they are scared of the consequences that may occur as result to putting a pay wall), but if they do take that risk he thinks that the newspaper industry would not just survive but thrive as a business.

Read this response to the article by Dave Levy, criticising and disagreeing with David Simon's viewpoint. What references to new and digital media can you find in Levy's response?

He says the reason that articles are managing is because of the links to social networking sites such as twitter and blogs suggesting its survival is through news and digital media. He concludes putting a pay wall wouldn't result to people linking articles on social media because it would limit the views on their social networking sites as a result causing even more problems for the newspaper industry. Furthermore Dave levy thinks this is a dramatic argument for the solution for the newspaper industry, he thinks that the pay wall will just push their remaining costumes away to their competitors (which allows customers to access articles for free)or find alternative ways online to read articles.

Finally, what is your own opinion? Do you agree that newspapers need to put online content behind a paywall in order for the journalism industry to survive? Would you be willing to pay for news online?

To some extent I agree with what David Simons has to say, I think that having online content behind a pay wall will allow the industry to make more revenue to improve the quality of news we as the consumers are getting. The paywall also allows the journalist which are not credited financially for their hard work to be compensated, however this will only go to plan id their consumers are willing to pay that online subscription. which i personally think is not going to be successful. The consumers are more likely to find alternatives of reading an article (going to newspaper which doesn't have a paywall), which would make the other newspaper industry more successful because advertisers would want to invest in those with more views than one with a niche number of readers. Me personally I wouldn't pay for a subscription if there was other ways of me accessing articles, which leads perfectly on David Simons point of all newspaper content having a paywall on it so readers have no choice but to pay the paywall. so in conclusion i think that newspapers could benefit from a paywall id they all do it together and take the risk together.

Newspapers: The Effect Of Online Technology

Do you agree with James Murdoch that the BBC should not be allowed to provide free news online? why?
If the BBC start charging people for news there are many impacts that this may have on society. The main impact being the divide between people who can afford to get news and those who cant, having an impact on the intellectual level of the lower class. furthermore its going to be difficult for the BBC to start charging for something that was free, people may ignore their new priciple and try to find other ways of accdessing news putting the BBCs company in a decline. I conclude that listening to James Murdoch may not be a smart business decision for the BBC, but may have a good impact on his newspaper industries as people may be willing to pay for news from the times and the sun than the BBC.

Was Rupert Murdoch right to put this news content (times and the sun) behind a pay-wall?
To some extent, it is right if you look at it from the profit aspect. Having the times and the sun on a paywall would mean that newspaper industry would make enough revenue to continue to survive and continue to grow. The paywall will also fund the times and suns staff as well as allowing them to have better resources for a high quality as a result the consumers would have a more reliable news, making them to continue paying the subscription.

Choose two comments from below the Times paywall article - one that argues in favour of the paywall and one that argues against. Copy a quote from each and explain which YOU agree with and why.

Why do you think the Evening Standard has bucked the trend and increased circulation and profit in the last two years?
At the start of this year, the Standard announced it was expanding its distribution from around 700,000 copies a day to closer to 900,000, which rather neatly explains the 27 percent increase in circulation recorded by the ABC. I think the main reason the evening standard has increased sales is because of people using trains and tubes everyday, they have no choice but to buy the newspaper as they cant access it through the internet.

Is there any hope for the newspaper industry or will it eventually die out? Provide a detailed response to this question explaining and justifying your opinion.
I think that having online content behind a pay wall will allow the industry to make more revenue to improve the quality of news we as the consumers are getting. The paywall also allows the journalist which are not credited financially for their hard work to be compensated, however this will only go to plan id their consumers are willing to pay that online subscription. which i personally think is not going to be successful. The consumers are more likely to find alternatives of reading an article going to newspaper which doesn't have a paywall.

The Future Of Newspaper

Who killed the newspaper? (article)

Summary:

This article talkes about what the best ideal newspapers should have, some of these features include setting the news agenda for the rest of the media. This article believes the meaning of newspaper changed for well developed countries, its become "a business selling words to readers and selling readers to advertisers" causing the newspaper industry to deteriorate.  This article believes that the internet had more of an impact on newspapers than all the other "old" media as a result the main blame on the decline of newspapers is the internet. Because of the internet newspapers in Switzerland and Netherlands have lost half the advertising to the internet emphasising Rupert Murdoch point about the golden river drying up. Newspapers haven't shut down in large numbers however, in order to cut costs there are redundancies being made to the journalists, effecting the quality of news. In addition newspapers alter their news to be more entertaining so it attracts the younger generation, rather than the international affairs and politics making newspapers lose its meaning. As a result this article believes that the internet is the reason the newspaper industry has gone into a decline.

Do you agree with its view on the effects being 'a cause of concern, but not a panic'?

I agree to some extent, this is because the newspaper industry can take precautions this early in the stage rather than panicking about it. They can still maintain the quality of news in the newspaper to create the trust that internet news doesn't have, eg google news just draws together sources from all around the world making it unreliable as a result printed newspapers can use that to their advantage. Further more they can increase the prices of their newspapers to compensate for the advertisement they lost  to the internet. However the newspaper industry should really consider ways to work with new and digital media as it is going to continue to grow which may have an even bigger effect on them, the most attractive thing about news on the internet is citizen journalism and people being able to communicate their ideas, so the newspaper industry should really consider that.

New and digital media (WEEK3ii)

We are working on time travel

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/oct/02/instagram-kevin-systrom-interview-working-on-time-travel

This article is about the development of intergram and how the founders came from a simple desk in a small room, to a massive well decorated building. it talk about the sudden grow of instagram, and is the leading social networking site with 400 million users. This article talks about how there is more to instagram than selfies and exotic holidays. This article talks about the potential talent, creativeness and opportunities instagram is creating for its users. Instagram is a  $35bn technology company which is 50 percent more than Twitter emphasising on the success of instagram.

• 400 million users on insta
• worth $35bn
• worth 50% more than twitter
• secured a $250,000 investment

I think to some extent instagram is allowing people to be more creative because of the competitiveness to get followers. There are allot of people which had opportunities because of instagram (insta famous people), there are allot of modelling opportunities because of intagram however they are not that good is discovering really good photographers or academic talent. I think the best social networking site that creates the best opportunity is vine, because it created allot of opportunity for hosts. 

New And Digital Media (WEEK 3)

Universal internet access to combat poverty 

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/mark-zuckerberg/11893994/Mark-Zuckerberg-calls-for-universal-internet-access-to-combat-poverty.html
This article is about Mark Zukerbergs the co founder of Facebook opinion on the importance of the internet. He said that there should be global access to the internet by 2020, in order to create a united world where we can all understand each other.  He described this objective as a 'to do list for the people of the planet' and pitched to the United Nations, "a like or a post wont stop tanks or bullets, but when people are connected we have a chance to build a common global community" this highlights the importance of the internet, which allows people to communicate worldwide aswell as give people the will to stand up for what they believe in. This newspapers expresses the importance of the internet for social change.

• global access to the internet by 2020
• objective as a 'to do list for the people of the planet'
• wont stop bullets or tanks, but has a chance of building a common global community 
• an affective way to combat the UNs newly adopted agenda of global illness.

In my opinion this is an effect way to get people communicating globally, and may help people stand up for what they believe in as the internet is desensitised. Also because they can see issues of other people from different countries it may help them empathies with them as a result connecting the world. However I don't think the having access to the internet is the most effective way to deal with poverty, because people will need homes and food before they can start paying broadband bills.

Audience and Institutions

Influences of new and digital media;

News consumption in the UK:

• 95% of adults follow the news in the uk, TV is the most used source to access news which decreased from 78% to 75%  since 2013.
• There has been a growth on those who used the internet or apps to access news from 32% to 41%since last year.
• this is mostly evident in 16-34 year olds, where the use of internet and apps has lead to an increase from 43% to 60% in 2014
• people who thought that BBC1 was the most important source of news decreased from 34% in 2013 to 28%in 2014
• increase in those who use website and apps for news 21% in 2014 VS 14% in 2013

TV news consumption:

• an average adult watches 115 hours of news (it was the same in 2013)
• 16-24 year olds watch 27 hours of news in the same period
• 55+ year olds consume 196 hours in the same period
• 64% for BBC 1 + BBC2
• a further 12% for BBC NEWS

Attitudes towards different types of news:

• adults when asked what they considered news; 53% said crime, 53% for world wide current affairs, 51% uk current affairs, 49% for uk politics, 45% for weather.
• 16-24 consider crime sports technology and science as news.
• over 55s general world news, uk and regional current affairs

Reasons to follow the news:

• to find out "what is going on in the world" 58%
• "whats going on across the UK" 56%
• "whats going on in the local area" 49%
• "whats going on in respective nations" 46%
• "its important to keep informed" 42%

An institution that has benefited from changes in new and digital media:

Google is a multinational technology company specializing in internet related services and products. its a free service that makes its money through online advertising, and the blame for industries like the music and newspaper industries hitting a decline.As of September 2013, Google operates 70 offices in more than 40 countries. Google's Internet business was responsible for $10.8 billion of  this  total,  with  an  increase in the number of users' clicks on advertisements  In October 2014, according the  Interbrand ranking, Google was the second most valuable brand in the world (behind apple) with a valuation of $107.4 billion, however A Millward Brown report from the same year puts the Google brand  ahead of  Apple's at  number 1. 

An institution that has suffered from changes in new and digital media:

Only 49% of the people who consume news do it because they want to know what is going on in their local area, which means that more than 50% dont care about local news which means that local newspapers such as the ealing gazette has suffered. New and digital media can be blamed because people who use newspapers to find out news in general is decline, which means that bigger industries can afford to put the distribution of their newspapers on apps or online (the people who use appes/internet for the news increased by 11% in one year), which means local newspapers who don't have the budget would be hit harder.

Who has benefited the most for the changes new and digital media has had on the news industry, audiences or institutions?

Figures show that adults watched an average of 115 hours of news and TV in 2013 and the same with the year before. The majority was 64% on BBC One or BBC Two news channel. However, 16-24 year old's only consumed 27 hours of news on TV, compared to 196 hours for those ages 55 plus. Furthermore, missing one your programmes is not a major problem, as it is available on the BBC iplayer and the other mainstream channels have similar devices. In addition, if people want to show the world their videos to the film, they are able to make a You Tube account and upload it onto there.
Additionally, availability of interactive features are social networking sites such as Fcaebook, Twitter and internet blogs, Also Skype which allows you to make long distance calls, video calls and emails. This benefits the audience, as it allows them to interact with people out of the country and in their society. They can engage in what is happening all over the world e.g by looking at news on social networking sites etc. Also , new developments include the hybrid television where social networking sites, emails and the internet are accessible on your TV screen, so whatever you want to watch or do online, can be done on your TV.  Moreover, on demand means music, feature films and television and all the content of the internet are available on a laptop with wi-fi, again having a hige advantage on the audiences.

The music industry along with film and newspaper has suffered due to the development of new and digital media. the music industry started hitting a decline from 2005/06 due to the development of online access to music such as YouTube. this way people dont feel the need to but the music inorder to listen to it when youtube lets them access and download them for free. According to the 'global recorded music industry revenue', the music imdustry declined from being worth $37billion in 1997 to being worth only $15billion in 2014.

The most common form of watching news is by TV. For example 95%  of adults say they use the TV a as source of news. There is a growth in the number of those who use any internet apps for news, with over four in ten (41%) doing so this year, compared to a third (37%) last year and over a quarter (28%) of those who consume in the UK named BBC, compared to over one-third (34%) in 2013. Also, since 2013, there has been an increase in the number of people starting a website/app as their most important news source.

In conclusions, the institution that has benefited from the changes in new and digital media as well as audiences is Google. This is due to the fact that more people now have greater access to the internet e.g by using their phones etc. and it is much easier for audiences to reach a variety of information. This means that Google has more viewers - becoming more known globally.