New and digital media offers media institutions different ways of reaching Audiences?
Consider how and why media institutions are using these techniques. (48)
New and digital media refers to content available on-demand through the Internet, which is accessible on any digital device. Examples of new media include websites such as online newspapers, blogs, or wikis, video games, and social media. New and digital media has had a huge impact on audiences. This is due to the fact that audiences now have access to variety of material online. Two case studies that can link to this are the film industry and News.
Due to new and digital media, newspapers have gone into a decline as, content is now shown online where audiences are more likely to check up on the latest news than reading newspapers that aren’t easily accessible. This then causes there to be a competition for online news papers, as readers want quick material they can access, thus newspapers are going to have to compete with each other to achieve this. As Rupert Murdoch says ‘The world is changing and newspapers have to adapt’. This nicely links to Galtung and Ruge’s news values of immediacy. In addition, paywalls have been introduced to a few newspapers such as The Times, owned by Rupert Murdoch. This turned out to be a huge success as the target audience in the demographics group is A, thus are likely to pay. However, The Sun, also owned by Murdoch, tried to maintain their paywall but failed as it audiences are working class people in the demographic group of C2, E and D, who are not will not pay for material they can read elsewhere for free. Furthermore, due to this extreme change in trying to compete with other online newspapers, it had lead to the death of The Independent as they were too late in innovating – did not adapt, thus leading to a decline in jobs.
Moreover, the article ‘News on the tweet’, positively talks about how twitter has been used by news organisations to reach audiences. This is beneficial for new papers as it allows them to connect to different readers globally, with the help of globalisation. BBC has a variety of accounts on Twitter such as BBC news, BBC world and many more and so are able to connect to readers worldwide. Nowadays, audiences are more likely to use social networking sites and so having published news on Twitter is advantageous for them and are more likely to access material they can get access to quickly. This can also link to Galtung and Ruges’ news values; immediacy, which is a key quality members of the public appreciate.
Furthermore, user generated content (UCG) is material created by members of the public which has been uploaded online by them – citizen journalism. If huge stories are uploaded to the internet, institutions are able to gain information from the video and reproduce it in their own. Thus, reaching audiences. An example of user generated content is Ian Tomlinson. Ian was just an ordinary man on his way back from shopping. He walked into a crowd of protests, not realising what was going on around him. The police thought he was a threat to them and so tackled him to the floor and beat him with sticks. He eventually died. This was filmed on an individual’s phone which then became viral and reached institutions, where they published it in their newspapers. UGC is extremely advantageous as it allows audiences to see the real story behind it, than false/inaccurate information news produces. Another example of UCG is the iphone app; periscope. Journalist Bild, found a way to use his smartphone to help those people tell their stories direct to readers. Paul travelled with the Syrian refugees to their destination, Germany. His broadcasts on the periscope app were live and often focused on refugees, with several reappearing regularly to talk about their experience.
A Marxist perspective would argue that audiences are not empowered through the development of new and digital media. As Marxists argue that mass media are a tool used by the ruling bodies/elite that reinforce this statement made by Gramsci who used the concept of hegemony to describe the dominance of one social class over another e.g. the ruling class. Furthermore, Chompsky's theory also stems from this hegemonic view as he talks about 'manufacturing consent ‘and the ruling class brainwashing people into believing that something is 'natural or common sense' (hypodermic needle model). In addition, the global village promoted dominant ideologies and some can argue that whether this is good or bad, focusing particularly on Americanisation and Western ideologies is new and digital media becoming more diverse or re more cultures being subordinated by Americanisation. This links well with major media conglomorance such as Google with 50 billion revenues, Facebook with 5 billion and New Corporation with 33 billion.
The internet is known as the most important medium of the century (Briggs and Burke). From a pluralist perspective, audiences are seen as free agents. They are not influenced by dominant ideologies. They argue that "The internet has given readers much more power...The world is changing and newspapers have to adapt" (Rupert Murdoch, Newscorp). This suggests that audiences are at an advantage due to new and digital media as they are able to access a variety of information as well as produce their own material online e.g on blogs - giving them the power.
However, Andrew Keen (Marxisit) says that "Web pages and blogs are like a million of monkeys typing nonsense", arguing that the information that we produce is false and inaccurate compared to the dominant ideologies and that we are better off engaging into material uploaded by them. This links to the statistic that '38% of UK pupils aged 9 to 19 never question the accuracy of online information' (Livingstone/Bober 2005).
In conclusion, institutions have a variety of techniques in reaching audiences. This is done through user generated content like citizen journalism, where institutions are able to gain information from the video and reproduce it in their own, social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook and YouTube.
Friday 29 April 2016
Friday 11 March 2016
NDM WEEK 23 (ii)
Hong Kong’s post-1997 search for identity helped rise of K-pop, says South Korean consul
Hongkongers’ struggle for a cultural identity after the 1997 handover has given rise to the popularity of Korean pop culture in the city, according to Seoul’s top diplomat here. Speaking on the eve of tonight’s Mnet Asian Music Awards (MAMA) taking place in Hong Kong for the fourth time, Kim said he was initially surprised to learn that Korean wave, or hallyu in Korean, has a huge following in Hong Kong as well as mainland China.
- the power of cultural exports to generate economic benefits,
- South Korean Consul General Kim Kwang-dong said cultivating strong manufacturing industries was essential and urged the city’s leaders to consider reviving this faded sector.
NDM WEEK 23 (i)
It's The New Day - first look at Trinity Mirror's new newspaper
One week ahead of Trinity Mirror’s innovative leap into newsprint, it has released a photograph of its new national newspaper, the New Day.Calling it “the first standalone national daily newspaper for 30 years”, the company will launch the Monday-to-Friday title on Monday, 29 February.Trinity Mirror stresses that it will not be a sister title to its flagship, the Daily Mirror.
- According to a press release issued early Monday morning, it “will report with an upbeat, optimistic approach and will be politically neutral.”
- It will be available free from over 40,000 retailers on launch day, and will be priced at 25p for the following two weeks before selling at 50p after that.
Its editor, Alison Phillips, said: “There are many people who aren’t currently buying a newspaper, not because they have fallen out of love with newspapers as a format, but because what is currently available on the newsstand is not meeting their needs. “This paper has been created as a result of customer insight and is the first newspaper designed for people’s modern lifestyles.”
Monday 7 March 2016
Independent NDM case study: Media Magazine research
Magazines/ Academic papers ~
MM34- Christopher Budd surveys the democratising effects of technological change on the music industry, and “concludes that there’s never been a better time to launch a career as an unsigned artist”
- “it became obvious that the internet offers a perfect way for artists to distribute music”
- “artists could use the same technology to promote and distribute their own music”
- Gangnam style;
- Darren Zook of University of California, Berkeley, has a unique outlook and perspective on Gangnam Fever.
- “This is not a revolution” he says. He isn’t talking about Gangnam Style‘s massive viral explosion, Psy’s current presence across US and other international media landscapes, or about the rising awareness of Korea as a producer of quality cultural goods.
- This is about social critique in Korean pop music, and how Psy is sadly not sufficient to furthering its presence in the Korean pop culture media landscape.
- Costume changes are frequent, showing the stars in the latest styles and sexy clothing.
- its sense of humour but also its recognisable conventions and iconography. As discussed, it uses many of the conventions of the traditional pop video from choreographed dance scenes to the cutting to the beat editing before the chorus kicks in.
- Aided by social media, Psy has become an international superstar. Like the Harlem Shake videos that have followed it, expect more silly dances to take the world by storm in the future
• FILE SHARING
K-pop and the role of race in the Western music industry
http://beyondhallyu.com/k-pop/k-pop-and-the-role-of-race-in-the-western-music-industry/
- largely one of music made by black musicians being appropriated by white musicians for a mainstream audience.
- Meanwhile music made by black artists was often side-lined into subcultures and specialist genres.
- particularly as hip hop has come to play an increasingly prominent role in the mainstream industry, more and more black artists have had massive success and become icons of popular culture through their music.
- With the obvious exception of PSY, Asian and Asian American artists have been almost completely absent from the charts.
- Even when they are successful they tend to take a backseat to the music in order to get ahead.
- Take for example, Far East Movement, probably the most successful Asian American act of the past few years
- For K-pop idols trying to break into America, the problem is double fold. Not only do they have to successfully portray this image despite the huge negative stereotypes they face, they also run risk that this new image could jeopardise their existing fanbase.
- Being put in the spotlight and expected to communicate in a language in which you are not fluent …. Girls’ Generation have 2 fluent English speakers when discussing their ability to make it in the States. But the other side of that are the 7 non-English speaking members.
Korea, Westernisation & Globalisation: The Future of Music?
http://www.academia.edu/10937579/Korea_Westernisation_and_Globalisation_The_Future_of_Music
- Similar sounding music but different language
- Same conventions of music,
- a western outlook on the how the artist dress and look (chains and half naked girls)
- America’s Heartland in the Age of Globalism, “[Globalization] has the power to remake societies” (2008).
The Evolution of the Music Industry in the Post Internet Era http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=cmc_theses
- The Internet, among other technological advances, led to a full-scale restructuring of the landscape.
- In what follows, I will briefly review “the original blueprint of the recording industry and live music business, primary technologies involved in bringing about the transformation”
- some legal background before delving deeper into the events during the first dozen years of the millennium and the implications of post-Internet music business.
- “Starting with the introduction of digital, as opposed to analog, formats in the 1980s, technological advances began to break down the previously rigid infrastructure of the recording industry”.
- “By the end of the 20th century, broadband capacity had also entered a period of unbelievable growth contributing to lower prices from Internet providers, and thus more users.”
- Members of the entertainment industry were interested in this technology, but feared that people would easily be able to get around their security to illegally download video and audio files.
- As a result, they hoped to pass legislation that would prohibit the circumvention of the security technology.
- The Apple Music, or iTunes, Store was launched in April 2003 allowing Mac users to purchase songs for 99¢ each and albums for $9.99 without any subscription fee. At its opening, the store featured an extensive library of 200,000 tracks that would only rapidly expand as it continued to thrive.
- Social media giants Facebook and Twitter not only serve as a useful tool for hopeful musicians to connect with fans, but their enormous network also creates the opportunity to develop “buzz” around a new artist or, even more effective, have a song or video spread virally.
DE-NATIONALIZATION
AND RE-NATIONALIZATION OF CULTURE: Globalisation of kpop
·
"K-Pop is definitely Korean pop music, but
it is also a kind of transnational hybrid music that refers to other global
popular music in various ways."
·
"K-pop is very popular in the
Philippines,"
·
"This is a paradox of K-Pop: in order to
succeed in the global market, it needs to be de-nationalized; however, de-nationalization
often makes domestic audiences feel uneasy about potentially losing the
national identity"
o
(changing their traditions and cultures to those
of a western culture)
·
(Herman and McChesney, 1997, p. 18-21;
McMichael, 2008, p. 61-63). Schiller (1992, p. 151) notes “many developing
states are able to afford the new communications complexes only by accepting
commercial packages which ‘tie’ their broadcasting systems to foreign
programming and foreign financial sponsorship.”
o
The development of new and digital media has
allowed nations to become interdependent and develop similar norms and values
(hegemony)
·
Moreover, global audiences are composing hip hop
music and producing commercial films and TV dramas, based on formats and genres
are from the West rather than their own traditional cultural forms.
o
The effect of globalisations (we are all
becoming very similar in what we consume allowing the elute to control us by
creating a hegemony)
§
We are easily accepting of us culture and film
and music but there is a slight reluctance for American individual consuming non
america/western products
§
It’s a norm all over the world to watch western
products (the international language being English)
~Media Factsheets~
Globalisation
·
What is globalisation?
o
Countries becoming interconnected and
interdependent economically
o
“global village” McLuhan (this is because we can
view events at its happening all over the world)
·
Major reason for globilasations
o
Along with freedom of trade and improvements in
transport
o
Improvments in communications
o
NDM has allowed greater communication between
people in different countries
·
Globalisation causing convergence
o
Due to mcdonalidisation of the globe
o
Our cultural perception are primarily conducted
by the media
o
We receive the views and ideologies they
establish creating this cultural hegemony
·
Negatives of globilisation
o
Lack of innovation (everything is the same as it
is made by one major producer) or influenced by one major culture
§
This means that the Korean culture losses its
uniqueness and due to globalisation their traditions norms and values reflect
that of the western culture
o
Pressure on less established businesses
§
this means that there is a fear to be different
as consumers like things that are familiar
§
making it easy to create a hegemony, and one of
the same reason for every nation looking the same
§
furthermore this means that it is harder for
less established business to compete
·
Positives of globalisation
o
Well known products so consumers just consume
§
positive from a producers perspective, as this
means that audiences will just buy their products due to a lack of competitors
§
products may be of high quality as each industry
has a focus in producing one product so they can produce the product well
enough to satisfy their consumers
o
less likely of wars breaking out
§
there will be this mutual depends, which can to
some extent create a friendship and interdependence making them reluctant to
have wars
Music video
·
The Purpose of Music Video in the Digital Age
o
The purpose of a music video is to sell
products, the most obvious of which is the song featured in the video.
o
However, other connected products are also
marketed by a music video. For example, the album the song is featured on, the
film the song is part of thesoundtrack for, an upcoming tour by the artist and
merchandise like t-shirts.
o
When other products are advertised, such as a
brand of coffee or an item of clothing, (beats headphones are the one mostly
advertised in modern day music video)
o
However, the development of new media technologies
meant that music videos, and the songs along with them, were more widely
available at any time.
The changing face of the music industry
·
Developments in technology and the emergence of
the Internet mean that artists have the potential to reach audiences without
the need for a major company and where once recording equipment was expensive
it was out of reach for the average person;
o
The development of social media allows them to
communicate with audiences all over the world, also the distribution is equally
accessible and easy (YouTube)
§
This also allows inexperienced musicians to
arise without the need of a professional studio time.
o
“recording equipment was expensive and out of
reach for average people”- the development in technology (camera phones) means
that there are recording software available so everybody has an equal chance
§
You can purchase sophisticated music production
software for a few pounds on your mobile device or tablet
o
~Damon Albarn, for example, recently produced a
Gorillaz album in its entirety using software on the iPad~ (able to produce
music without the help of a record lable)
·
How audiences are purchasing and consuming music
has changed dramatically with the emergence of digital technology and the music
industry has struggled to keep up at times
o
One of the most problematic issues that the
industry is facing is the ‘culture of free’.
§
The development of new and digital media means
that audiences have many ways of accessing information and consuming media
illegally, making it difficult for musicians to make a profit out of their
music
o
as a consequence piracy and file-sharing have
seen the industry lose billions over the last decade
§
“Innovation global music piracy causes $12.5
billion of economic losses every year”
o
In order to combat this music streaming services
such as Spotify have worked in conjunction with the industry to try offer
audiences the opportunity to listen to music but not actually download it,
o
which means it is not being shared YouTube has
also placed ID content censorship on videos to stop music being downloaded.
§
Some musicians however refuse for their music to
be distributed on spotify as a result spotify may not have all the musicians
audiences would like to listen to eg Taylor Swift
§
Therefore not meeting the needs of their
consumers as they don’t have every song available
o
The Internet was meant to weaken the dominance
of superstar artists in the music industry and enrich the smaller, niche music
creators.
§
Suggesting that the development of new and
digital media is supposed to have a positive effect on the music industry as it
creates opportunities for talented people
§
As a result there is more competition making
better quality music
§
However mulligans ‘superstar economy’ theory
(opportunity creating) can be flawed as superstars are capturing the vast
majority of music revenues and their share is increasing – not decreasing –
because of the rise of digital services like iTunes and Spotify.
§
*~the top 1 per cent of artists the likes of
Rihanna and Adele accounted for 77 per cent of recorded music income in 2013~*
o
In this illusion of choice consumers are
overwhelmingly listening to the ‘hits’.
§
The design/ layout of apps such as spotify and
iTunes goes against mulligan theory
§
as they make the top ‘superstar’ music more visible
making audiences more likely to listen to that then the ‘niche creators’
mulligan referred to
§
*~more than 20m tracks are not listened
to~*
·
Challenging the Traditional Model – Amanda
Palmer and Kickstarter
o
he decided that she could no longer work in an
industry that didn’t allow the artist total control.
o
Palmer already had an establish fan base which
she appealed to fund the production and distribution of her album through the
crowd sourcing site Kickstarter
§
In return she also pledged to break down the
barriers between artist and audience by doing impromptu performances such as
having fans come up to her balloon-covered body and pop one.
~Web Research/ News Articles ~
·
K-POP SUPERSTAR
CL IS READY TO TAKE ON AMERICA WITH HELP FROM SCOOTER BRAUN
o
Back in April 2013, supermanager Scooter Braun
was in South Korea to see Psy, the viral K-pop artist he reps in North America,
and caught opening act 2NE1, one of K-pop's most obsessed-over girl groups.
o
For
an idea of exactly how cultish a following she already has in the United
States, one need only go to YouTube for the reaction videos posted after
"Hello Bitches" dropped. Celebratory Jell-O shots are taken. Shouts
of "Slay, queen!" are heard. Vloggers, like, literally die.
§
(showing the importance of opinionated people on
the social media, hypodermic needle modal, leading people on social media need
to like it in order for the rest of the population to enjoy it)
o
"I always wanted to do my solo album in
English, because I grew up listening to a lot of pop artists and English-based
songs," says CL, "but you can't really do that in Korea, so…"
So, in other words, she's ready to take on America.
§
(Suggesting that the development in new and
digital media has allowed people of different nations to work internationally,
and develop their careers in different countries)
§
(furthermore the globalisation due to the
development in technologies has allowed people to share CL’s videos world-wide
and create things like ‘reaction videos’ to make it even more popular.)
Similarly
like CL scooter Braun also notices a Korean pop idol Psy, mostly known for his
his catchy song ‘Gangnam style’
·
JUSTIN BIEBER’S MANAGER
SIGNED PSY “TO BE PART OF HISTORY”
o
korean pop singer Psy is already an
international Internet sensation thanks to his viral video for “Gangnam Style.”
o
“We’ve
been hanging out in California for four days,” Braun says in the low-fi video.
“And we’ve come to an agreement to make some history together and be the first
Korean artist to break a big record in the United States.”
·
KOREAN ARTISTS SUCH AS
GIRLS' GENERATION AND BIG BANG ARE MAKING INTERNATIONAL MUSIC WAVES
o
While South Korea is a vital part of the growing
economic boom in Asia, the country of nearly 50 million people is exporting
more than just consumer electronics and cars these days.
o
Its
native popular music, universally known as K-pop, is also finding a growing
international audience in places such as the United States, Europe, the Middle
East, and South America.
o
In major U.S. cities such as Chicago, Atlanta
and Houston, K-pop concerts have sold out venues seating 1,700 to 2,500 music
fans:
§
In 2011 the nine-member dance-pop group Girls' Generation performed to a sold-out audience, along with other
K-pop acts,
§
And at New York's hallowed Madison Square Garden.
§
in Los Angeles, the Korean Music Festival has
been a part of the concert season at the 17,000-plus capacity Hollywood Bowl
for the past 10 years
o
The sizable Korean-American population in cities
such as Los Angeles,
o
K-pop audience stretches beyond Asian-American
demographics
·
ANNUAL
KOREAN MUSIC FESTIVAL (GROWING IN NON-KOREAN) AUDIENCES OVER THE YEARS…
GLOBILISATION ANS INCREASED TECHNOLOGY CAN BE THE REASON FORTHIS
o Korean
music festival is held April 28 each year
o IT
and telecommunication companies have been able to exert a significant impact
over the circulation and dissemination of music,
o influencing the shift from a recorded music
business premised upon sales of individual ‘products’ (CDs and tracks) to a
‘model’ of revenue derived from subscription packages of streamed musical
‘content’.
o Hence,
more attention should be devoted to understanding music and cultural production
in relation to other industries with an interest in using music (particularly
IT and phone manufacturers).
Friday 26 February 2016
NDM WEEK 22 (ii)
Facebook sets up 'social VR' team to explore virtual reality beyond games
http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/feb/22/facebook-social-virtual-reality-beyond-games-mark-zuckerberg
Facebook has created a “social VR” team to explore virtual-reality technology’s potential beyond games, as it prepares for the consumer launch of its Oculus Rift VR headset.Chief executive Mark Zuckerberg revealed the plans in a surprise appearance at Samsung’s Mobile World Congress press conference, while talking up the popularity of 360-degree videos on Facebook, and on Samsung’s Gear VR headset – which uses technology from Oculus.“People have already watched more than a million hours of video in Gear VR,”explained a blog post from Facebook following the event. “Already, millions of people watch 360 videos on Facebook every day.
- Virtual reality is already one of the hot topics at this year’s Mobile World Congress conference.
- HTC has confirmed that its Vive headset will cost $799, with pre-orders opening at the end of February. Meanwhile, LG is launching its own headset, designed to work with its new G5 Android smartphone.
More than 20,000 have been uploaded, with hundreds more added daily.”Facebook is upping the quality of 360-degree videos on its service, while tasking its new team with developing other kinds of non-games content for VR headsets.
NDM WEEK 22 (i)
Mobile operator Three to introduce adblocking
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/feb/19/mobile-operator-three-ad-blocking
Mobile company Three is to introduce adblocking across its UK and Italian networks, making it the first major European operator to do so. Three has struck a deal with Israeli company Shine that will see the mobile adblocking technology introduced in the UK and Italy, followed by a “rapid roll-out” across its operations in other countries. The move is cause for serious concern for digital publishers and advertisers, which are already dealing with a rising number of people who block advertising when they use their phones.
- Customers pay data charges so they should not then receive ads, costs which the company says advertisers should be made to pay.
- Some advertising aims to elicit customer data and information without them knowing.
- Customers should only receive relevant advertising and not have their mobile experience “degraded by excessive, intrusive, unwanted or irrelevant ads”
Three said its move to implement network-wide adblocking is not an attempt to “eliminate” all mobile advertising, but to “give customers more control, choice and greater transparency over what they receive”. The company, which has 9 million UK customers, said a network-wide adblocking strategy is better than relying on apps because it “reaches a broader range of mobile adblocking”.
Monday 22 February 2016
New and Digital media INDEX
INDEX
- Week 1 (i)- Apple Iphone 6s Launch
- Week 1 (ii)- Facebook empathy button
- Week 2 (i)-4K streaming Fire TV update
- Week 2 (ii)-Social media is harming the mental health of teenagers
- Week 3 (i)- social media combat poverty (founder of facebook)
- Week 3 (ii)-development of intergram
- Week 4 (i)- BBC sees danager of losing young viewers
- Week 4 (ii)-Ad blockers are wreaking havoc with the online revenue of newspapers
- Week 5 (i)- emojis on the front page were inspired by Facebook Reactions
- Week 5 (ii)- Tech companies urged to protect young from dangers
- Week 6 (i)-The protest outside AFP's offices in Paris
- Week 6 (ii)-social media social change
- Week 7 (i)-development of intergram
- Week 7 (ii)-Newspaper decline
- Week 8 (i)-online revenue of newspapers
- Week 8 (ii)-buzzfeed journalist attacked
- Week 9 (i)-Why tech companies are really worried about the snooper's charter
- Week 9 (ii)-Can dropping the paywall and upping the story count boost Sun’s
- Week 10(i)- BBC says public back its online journalism even if it hurts papers
- Week 10(ii)-Broadband bills will have to increase to pay for snooper's charter, MPs
- Week 11(i)-Telegraph criticised by watchdog for 'misleading' Michelin advertorial
- Week 11(ii)-Social media reactions to Donald trump
- Week 12(i)-#1in5Muslims: Twitter mocks Sun front page with 'facts' about Muslims
- Week 12(ii)-MPs demand meeting with Sun editor over Muslim survey story
- Week 13(i)-Sun apologises over misleading ‘Six days to terror’ story
- Week 13(ii)-€50,000 for CCTV video of Paris attack
- Week 14(i)- Twitter unveils revised rules regarding hate speech in posts
- Week 14(ii)-Turn off, shut down, log out: the digital detox holiday is here
- Week 15(i)-Has social media ruined the web?
- Week 15(ii)-Anti-Isis hackers claim responsibility for BBC cyber-attack
- Week 16(i)-#BringBackOurGirls of 2016: what will dominate Africa's Twittersphere this year?
- Week 16(ii)-Sydney man accused of making rape threats on Facebook pleads not guilty
- Week 17(i)-Charlie Hebdo cartoon depicting drowned child Alan Kurdi sparks racism debate
- Week 17(ii)-US military aims to create cyborgs by connecting humans to computers
- Week 18(i)-BBC justifies decision to allow Stephen Doughty to resign live on Daily Politics
- Week 19(i)-Children spending more time online than watching TV for the first time
- Week 19(ii)- BBC considering move to make news channel online only
- Week 20(i)-ITV's National Television Awards show draws lowest audience for eight years
- Week 20(ii)-Guardian shake-up could see shift in online paywall strategy
- Week 21(i)- BuzzFeed faces $11m defamation lawsuit from viral news agency
- Week 21(ii)-How Facebook and Twitter changed missing child searches
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